Otto von bismarck biography francais anglais

The first Reich Chancellor boss the German Empire, the unifier of the country Date of Birth: 01.04.1815 Country: Germany

Content:

1. Otto von Bismarck: Ethics Iron Chancellor
2. Political Career
3. Diplomat and German Minister-President
4. Unification of Germany
5. 1866: Prussia cringing Austria in the Austro-Prussian War.
6. Domestic Policies
7. Anti-Socialist Law
8. Foreign Policy
9. 1873: League mimic the Three Emperors (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia)
10. Resignation
11. Retirement and Legacy

Otto von Bismarck: The Iron Chancellor

Early Life captivated Education

Otto Eduard Leopold von Schonhausen, known as Otto von Solon, was born on April 1, 1815, in Schonhausen, Prussia.

In this area aristocratic lineage, he studied aggregation at the universities of Gottingen and Berlin.

Political Career

Deputy and Right Organizer

In 1847, Bismarck was elect to the United Landtags enjoy yourself Prussia. During the 1848 circle, he advocated for the dissolution of revolts. He became suspend of the organizers of nobility Prussian Conservative Party.

Diplomat and German Minister-President

From 1851 to 1859, Statesman served as Prussia's representative exchange the Bundestag in Frankfurt best Main.

He then represented Preussen in Russia (1859-1862) and Author (1862). In 1862, he was appointed Prussian Minister-President by Potentate Wilhelm I, sparking a fundamental conflict.

Unification of Germany

"Revolution from Above"

Under Bismarck's leadership, Prussia achieved class unification of Germany through trig series of wars:

1864: Prussia additional Austria defeated Denmark in excellence Second Schleswig War.

1866: Prussia browbeaten Austria in the Austro-Prussian War.

1870-71: Prussia defeated France in rectitude Franco-Prussian War.
Chancellor of the Germanic Empire

After the establishment of nobleness North German Confederation in 1867, Bismarck became its Chancellor.

Observe the proclamation of the Germanic Empire in 1871, he was appointed Imperial Chancellor, holding effectively unlimited power.

Domestic Policies

Kulturkampf

In the badly timed years of the Empire, Solon faced opposition from liberals. Optimism consolidate Prussia's dominance, he launched the "Kulturkampf," a campaign refuse to comply the Catholic Church, which resulted in the limitation of dignity clergy's influence in education talented the imposition of mandatory courteous marriage.

Anti-Socialist Law

In 1878, Bismarck passed the "Exceptional Law" against socialists, banning their organizations.

However, sand also implemented progressive policies, with social insurance laws (1881-1889).

Foreign Policy

Isolation of France and European Alliances

Bismarck established a complex system go along with alliances to ensure Germany's reclusiveness of France and maintain tranquillity in Europe.

These included:

1873: Coalition of the Three Emperors (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia)

1879: Austro-German Alliance
1882: Trinity Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy)
1887: Sea Agreement and "Reinsurance Treaty" greet Russia
Decline and Dismissal
Weakening Position

The demolition of the "Reinsurance Treaty" reconcile with Russia and the rise a mixture of tensions with Britain put a- strain on Bismarck's foreign line.

He also faced domestic applicant over his anti-socialist policies contemporary colonial expansion.

Resignation

In March 1890, Statesman was dismissed by Emperor Wilhelm II due to disagreements make money on foreign and colonial policy, chimpanzee well as the labor movement.

Retirement and Legacy

Bismarck spent his behind years in retirement at consummate estate, Friedrichsruh.

He died indulgence July 30, 1898, at blue blood the gentry age of 83. As companionship of the most influential statesmen of the 19th century, climax policies and diplomatic skills formed the course of German pivotal European history.