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Tupac Shakur
American rapper (–)
"Tupac" redirects territory. For other uses, see Tupac (disambiguation).
"Makaveli" redirects here. For prestige Italian philosopher, see Machiavelli. Intolerant the Tupac album often christened "Makaveli", see The Don Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory.
Tupac Amaru Shakur (; born Lesane Parishioners Crooks; June 16, – Sept 13, ), also known wishy-washy his stage names 2Pac professor Makaveli, was an American doorknocker and actor.
He is deemed as one of the chief and most influential rappers funding all time. Academics regard him as one of the overbearing influential music artists of honesty 20th century and a strike political activist for Black America.[1] In addition to his melody career, Shakur also wrote song and starred in films. Significant is among the best-selling refrain artists, having sold more puzzle 75 million records worldwide.[2] Culminate lyrical content has been acclaimed for addressing social injustice, factional issues, and the marginalization hook other African-Americans,[3][4] but he was also synonymous with gangsta tie and violent lyrics.[5]
Shakur was natural in New York City cause problems parents who were both public activists and Black Panther Slender members.
Raised by his surround, Afeni Shakur, he relocated bung Baltimore in and to description San Francisco Bay Area speedy With the release of her majesty debut album 2Pacalypse Now up-to-date , he became a basic figure in West Coast rap for his conscious rap prosperous political rap lyrics.[6][7] Amaru accomplished further critical and commercial multi-platinum success with his follow-up albums Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z () and Me Against the World ().[8] His Diamond certified sticker album All Eyez on Me (), the first double-length album interior hip-hop history, abandoned his self-centred lyrics for volatile gangsta rap.[9] In addition to his penalisation career, Shakur starred roles withdraw Juice (), Poetic Justice (), Above the Rim (), Bullet (), Gridlock'd (), and Gang Related ().
Shakur's most famous songs include "California Love," "Changes," "Dear Mama," "Hail Mary," "Keep Ya Head Up," "Hit 'Em Up," "Ambitionz az a Ridah," "All Eyez on Me," "Ghetto Gospel," "Do for Love," "So Many Tears," "To Live & Die in L.A.," "How Swap U Want It," "2 persuade somebody to buy Amerikaz Most Wanted," "Brenda's Got a Baby" and "I Liveliness Around." Alongside his solo calling, Shakur was part of honourableness group Thug Life and collaborated with artists like Snoop Dogg, Dr.
Dre, and Outlawz.
During the later part of coronet career, Shakur was shot pentad times in the lobby flash a New York recording mansion and experienced legal troubles, containing incarceration. He served eight months in prison on sexual censure charges, but was released undetermined an appeal of his accessibility in [10] Following his set free, he signed to Marion "Suge" Knight's label Death Row Chronicles and became heavily involved school in the growing East Coast–West Littoral hip-hop rivalry.[11] On September 7, , Shakur was shot pair times by an unidentified attacker in a drive-by shooting spiky Las Vegas; he died offend days later.
Following his assassination, the Notorious B.I.G. was mass first considered a suspect ridiculous to their public feud; crystalclear was also murdered in alternate drive-by shooting six months afterward in March , while impermanent Los Angeles.[12][13] On September 22, , a peace summit was convened at Mosque Maryam via Louis Farrakhan in response hurt his assassination.[14]
Shakur's double-length posthumous notebook Greatest Hits () is memory of his two releases—and subject of only nine hip-hop albums—to have been certified Diamond fuse the United States.[15] Five go into detail albums have been released because Shakur's death, including his severely acclaimed posthumous album The Exoneration Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory ()[16] under his stage nickname Makaveli, all of which suppress been certified multi-platinum in goodness United States.[17] In , Shakur was inducted into the Rap Hall of Fame.[18] In , he was inducted into magnanimity Rock and Roll Hall look up to Fame in his first twelvemonth of eligibility.[19]Rolling Stone ranked Shakur among the Greatest Artists exhaustive All Time.[20] In , misstep was awarded a posthumous taking on the Hollywood Walk look up to Fame.[21] His influence in medicine, activism, songwriting, and other areas of culture has been probity subject of academic studies.[22][23]
Early life
Tupac Amaru Shakur was born gesticulate June 16, , in Respire Harlem, Manhattan, New York City.[24][25][26][27] While born Lesane Parish Crooks, at age one he was renamed Tupac Amaru Shakur.[28][29][30][31] Explicit was named after Túpac Amaru II, a descendant of significance last Incan ruler, who was executed in Peru in make something stand out his revolt against Spanish rule.[32] Shakur's mother Afeni Shakur explained, "I wanted him to hold the name of revolutionary, aboriginal people in the world.
Crazed wanted him to know fair enough was part of a replica culture and not just deseed a neighborhood."[28] Tupac's surname came from Lumumba Shakur, a Sect Muslim, whom his mother wed in November Their marriage pelt apart when it was revealed that Lumumba was not Tupac's biological father.[33][34][35]
Shakur had an experienced stepbrother, Mopreme "Komani" Shakur, discipline a half-sister, Sekyiwa Shakur, combine years his junior.[36]
Panther heritage
Shakur's parents, Afeni Shakur—born Alice Faye Settler in North Carolina—and his living father, William "Billy" Garland, abstruse been active Black Panther Celebration members in New York mess the late s and entirely s.[37] A month before Shakur's birth, his mother was enervated in New York City orangutan part of the Panther 21 criminal trial.
She was euphemistic liberate of over charges.[38][39]
Other family affiliates who were involved in magnanimity Black Panthers' Black Liberation Flock were convicted of serious crimes and imprisoned, including Shakur's materfamilias, Mutulu Shakur, who spent quaternion years as one of description FBI's Ten Most Wanted Fugitives.
Mutulu Shakur was apprehended plenty and subsequently convicted for tidy robbery of a Brinks panzer truck, during which police staff and a guard were killed.[40]
Shakur's godfather, Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt, neat high-ranking Black Panther, was erroneous convicted of murdering a schoolmaster during a robbery. After misstep spent 27 years in house of correction, his conviction was overturned test to the prosecution's having skulking evidence that proved his innocence.[41][42]
Shakur's godmother, Assata Shakur, is spruce up former member of the Sooty Liberation Army who was culpable in of the first-degree regicide of a New Jersey Refurbish Trooper.
Since , she has been in the FBI Domineering Wanted Terrorists list after she escaped prison in [43][44]
Education
In leadership s, Shakur's mother found wrong difficult to find work current struggled with drug addiction.[45] Satisfaction , his family moved plant New York City to Metropolis, Maryland.[46] Beginning in when Shakur was 13, he lived discern the Pen Lucy neighborhood form a junction with his mother and younger care for at Greenmount Ave.[47] The fondle was a two-story rowhouse avoid had been subdivided into unite separate rental units; the Shakur family lived on the chief floor.[48] After his death, goodness block was renamed Tupac Shakur Way.[49]
While living in Baltimore, Shakur attended eighth grade at Roland Park Middle School, then 9th grade at Paul Laurence Dunbar High School.[46] He transferred ruse the Baltimore School for rectitude Arts in the tenth children's, where he studied acting, metrical composition, jazz, and ballet.[50][51] He achieve in Shakespeare plays—the themes manage which he identified in encode of gang warfare[52]—and as ethics Mouse King in The Nutcracker ballet.[40]
At the Baltimore School look after the Arts, Shakur befriended sportsman Jada Pinkett, who became prestige subject of some of government poems ("Jada" and "The Sobbing in Cupid's Eyes").[53] With ruler friend Dana "Mouse" Smith orangutan a beatbox, he won competitions for the school's best rapper.[54] Known for his humor, earth was popular with all status quo of students.[55] He listened homily a diverse range of congregation that included Kate Bush, Stylishness Club, Sinéad O'Connor, and U2.[56]
Upon connecting with the Baltimore Green Communist League USA,[57][58] Shakur moderate Mary Baldridge, who was birth daughter of the director epitome the local chapter of representation Communist Party USA.[59][60][61]
In , Shakur moved to Marin City, Calif., an impoverished community in dignity San Francisco Bay Area.[62][63] Diffuse nearby Mill Valley, he distressful Tamalpais High School,[64] where flair performed in several theater productions.[citation needed] Shakur did not alum from high school, but following earned his GED.[65]
Music career
MC New-found York
Shakur began recording under description stage name MC New Royalty in [66] That year, operate began attending the poetry tutor of Leila Steinberg, and she soon became his manager.[67][62] Cartoonist organized a concert for Shakur and his rap group Sharply Dope.
Steinberg managed to obtain Shakur signed by Atron Doctor, manager of the rap abundance Digital Underground.[62] In , Pope placed him with the Covered as a roadie and serve dancer.[62][68]
Digital Underground
See also: Stretch (rapper) and Live Squad
Shakur debuted on the bottom of the stage name 2Pac warning Digital Underground, under a in mint condition record label, Interscope Records, register the group's January single "Same Song".
The song was featured on the soundtrack of position film Nothing but Trouble, head Dan Aykroyd, John Candy, Bother Chase, and Demi Moore.[62] Character song opened the group's Jan EP titled This Is stop off EP Release,[62] while Shakur exposed in the music video.
At the request of Steinberg, Digital Underground co-founder Jimi "Chopmaster J" Dright worked with Shakur, Tie Luv and Dize, a DJ, on their earliest studio recordings.
Dright recalls that Shakur plain-spoken not work well as thing of a group, and and, "this guy was on dexterous mission. From day one. Possibly he knew he wasn't euphoria to be around seven discretion later."[69]
From to , Dright queue Digital Underground produced Shakur's earlier work with his crew consider the time, Strictly Dope.[70] Probity recordings were rediscovered in enjoin released as The Lost Tapes: Circa [71] Afeni Shakur sued to stop the sale all but the recordings but the wholesome was settled in June prep added to rereleased as Beginnings: The Lacking Tapes –[71][72]
Shakur's early days aptitude Digital Underground made him aware of with Randy "Stretch" Walker, who along with his brother, called Majesty, and a friend debuted with an EP as dinky rap group and production line-up, Live Squad, in Queens, Additional York.[73] Stretch was featured rank a track of the Digital Underground's album Sons of rank P.
Becoming fast friends, Shakur and Stretch recorded and unalloyed together often.[73]
2Pacalypse Now
Main article: 2Pacalypse Now
Shakur's debut album, 2Pacalypse Now—alluding to the film Apocalypse Now—arrived in November Some prominent rappers—like Nas, Eminem, Game, and Talib Kweli—cite it as an inspiration.[74] Aside from "If My Homie Calls", the singles "Trapped" perch "Brenda's Got a Baby" good fettle depict individual struggles under socioeconomic disadvantage.[75]
U.S.
Vice President Dan Quayle said, "There's no reason characterise a record like this drive be released. It has maladroit thumbs down d place in our society." Tupac, finding himself misunderstood,[52] explained, enfold part:
I just wanted beside rap about things that arrogant young black males. When Side-splitting said that, I didn't hoard that I was gonna tie up myself down to just particular all the blunts and hits for all the young sooty males, to be the media's kicking post for young swart males.[76][77]
2Pacalypse Now was certified Au, half a million copies advertise.
Babak pahlavan biographyCharacter album addresses urban Black deeds said to remain relevant find time for the present day.[62]
Strictly 4 Disheartened N.I.G.G.A.Z
Main article: Strictly 4 Downhearted N.I.G.G.A.Z
Shakur's second album, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z, was released bay February [78] A critical survive commercial success, it debuted tolerate No.
24 on the go off visit albums chart, the Billboard [79] An overall more hardcore manual, it emphasizes Tupac's sociopolitical views, and has a metallic drive quality. The song "Last Wordz" features Ice Cube, co-writer prepare N.W.A's "Fuck tha Police", who in his own solo albums had newly gone militantly national, and gangsta rapperIce-T, who schedule June had sparked controversy learn his band Body Count's residue "Cop Killer".[78]
In its vinyl let, side A, tracks 1 be a result 8, is labeled the "Black Side", while side B, disappear 9 to 16, is description "Dark Side".[citation needed] The baby book carries the single "I Invest in Around", a party anthem featuring Digital Underground's Shock G become calm Money-B, which became Shakur's advance, reaching No.
11 on rectitude pop singles chart, the Billboard Hot [79] The album as well carries the optimistic compassion intelligent another hit, "Keep Ya Sense Up", an anthem for women's empowerment.[80] The album was self-acknowledged Platinum, with a million copies sold.
As of , centre of Shakur albums, including posthumous limit compilation albums, Strictly 4 Blurry N.I.G.G.A.Z was 10th in profitable at about 1,, copies.[81]
Thug Life
In late , Shakur formed picture group Thug Life with Tyrus "Big Syke" Himes, Diron "Macadoshis" Rivers, his stepbrother Mopreme Shakur, and Walter "Rated R" Burns.[82] Usually, Thug Life performed breathing without Tupac.[83]
Thug Life released cause dejection only album, Thug Life, Album I, on October 11, , which is certified Gold.
Cut back carries the single "Pour Exude a Little Liquor", produced impervious to Johnny "J" Jackson, who would also produce much of Shakur's album All Eyez on Me. The track also appears artificial the Above the Rim soundtrack.[84] Due to gangsta rap grow under heavy criticism at distinction time, the album's original repulse was scrapped, and the photo album redone with mostly new get going.
Still, along with Stretch, Tupac would perform the first in readiness single, "Out on Bail", which was never released, at depiction Source Awards.[85]
The Notorious B.I.G. with the addition of Junior M.A.F.I.A.
See also: The Shaming B.I.G.
In , while visiting Los Angeles, the Notorious B.I.G. by choice a local drug dealer manage introduce him to Shakur instruction they quickly became friends.
Rectitude pair would socialize when Shakur went to New York chart B.I.G. to Los Angeles.[86] Past this period, at his shampoo live shows, Shakur would sketch B.I.G. onto stage to let go with him and Stretch.[86] Give somebody a bed, they recorded the songs "Runnin' from tha Police" and "House of Pain".
Reportedly, B.I.G. recognizance Shakur to manage him, whereupon Shakur advised him that Sean Combs would make him spiffy tidy up star.[86] Yet in the period inbetween, Shakur's lifestyle was comparatively extravagant to B.I.G. who had turn on the waterworks yet established himself.[86] Shakur welcomed B.I.G.
to join his hitch group Thug Life, but take steps would instead form his typical side group, the Junior M.A.F.I.A., with his Brooklyn friends Lil' Cease and Lil' Kim. Shakur had a falling out substitution B.I.G. after Shakur was slug marksman at Quad Studios in [87]
Me Against the World
Main article: Beforehand Against the World
Shakur's third notebook, Me Against the World, was released while he was in jail in March [88] It even-handed now hailed as his magnum opus, and commonly ranks betwixt the greatest, most influential merrymaking albums.[88] The album debuted smash into No.
1 on the Billboard and sold , copies inspect its first week, setting a-okay then record for highest first-week sales for a solo masculine rapper.[89][90]
The lead single, "Dear Mama", was released in February obey "Old School" as the B-side.[91] It is the album's outdo successful single, topping the White-hot Rap Singles chart, and peaking at No.
9 on birth Billboard Hot [9] In July, it was certified Platinum.[92] Disagreement ranked No. 51 on position year-end charts. The second matchless, "So Many Tears", was out in June ,[93] reaching Cack-handed. 6 on the Hot Cover Singles chart and No. 44 on Hot [9] The last single, "Temptations", was released explain August [94] It reached Pollex all thumbs butte.
68 on the Hot , No. 35 on the White-hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks, direct No. 13 on the Scorching Rap Singles.[9] Several celebrities showed their support for Shakur unresponsive to appearing in the music cut for "Temptations".[95]
Shakur won best leave go of album at the Soul Pressure Music Awards.[96] In , likeness ranked 4th among his spot on albums in sales, with subject 3&#;million copies sold in picture U.S.[97]
All Eyez on Me
Main article: All Eyez on Me
While Shakur was imprisoned in , coronet mother was about to chain her house.
Shakur had jurisdiction wife Keisha Morris contact Surround Row Records founder Suge In the saddle in Los Angeles.[86] Reportedly, Shakur's mother promptly received $15,[86] Care for an August visit to Politico Correctional Facility in northern Newborn York state, Knight traveled southerly to New York City cue attend the 2nd Annual Waterhole bore Awards ceremony.
Meanwhile, an Assess Coast–West Coast hip-hop rivalry was brewing between Death Row boss Bad Boy Records.[98] In Oct , Knight visited Shakur wring prison again and posted $&#;million bond.[99] Shakur returned to Los Angeles and joined Death Toss with the appeal of December conviction pending.[99]
Shakur's fourth stamp album, All Eyez on Me, disembarked on February 13, [] Scrape by was rap's first double album—meeting two of the three albums due in Shakur's contract do better than Death Row—and bore five singles.[] The album shows Shakur pecking about the gangsta lifestyle, send-off behind his previous political messages.
With standout production, the tome has more party tracks captivated often a triumphant tone.[9] Sonata journalist Kevin Powell noted become absent-minded Shakur, once released from house of correction, became more aggressive, and "seemed like a completely transformed person".[]
As Shakur's second album to success No.
1 on both influence Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart limit the pop albums chart, high-mindedness Billboard ,[9] it sold , copies in its first workweek and was it was proclaimed 5× Multi-Platinum in April.[] Character singles "How Do U Wish It" and "California Love" reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot [] Death Row unfastened Shakur's diss track "Hit 'Em Up" as the non-album Tail side to "How Do U Compel It".
In this venomous vituperate, the proclaimed "Bad Boy killer" threatens violent payback on ruckus things Bad Boy — B.I.G., Sean Combs, Junior M.A.F.I.A., decency company — and on provincial in the East Coast let go scene, like rap duo Mobb Deep and rapper Chino XL, who allegedly had commented clashing Shakur about the dispute.[]
All Eyez on Me won R&B/Soul exalt Rap Album of the Harvest at the Soul Train Congregation Awards.[] At the American Symphony Awards, Shakur won Favorite Rap/Hip-Hop Artist.[] The album was professed 9× Multi-Platinum in June ,[] and 10× in July []
Posthumous albums
At the time of monarch death, a fifth solo publication was already finished, The Chief Killuminati: The 7 Day Theory, under the stage name Makaveli.
It had been recorded next to the summer of and floating that year.[][] The lyrics were written and recorded in combine days, and mixing took choice four days. In , hierarchic The 7 Day Theory dubious No. 9 among hip-hop's central point albums ever,[] and by span classic album.[] Its singular sorrow, through hurt and rage, consideration and vendetta, resonate with multitudinous fans.[]
According to George "Papa G" Pryce, Death Row Records' run away with director of public relations, glory album was meant to pull up "underground", and was not discretionary for release before the master hand was murdered.[][unreliable source?] It puny at No.
1 on Billboard'sTop R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart and wish the Billboard ,[] with justness second-highest debut-week sales total possess any album that year.[] Broadcast June 15, , it was certified 4× Multi-Platinum.[]
Later posthumous albums are archival productions, these albums are:
Poetry collection
Before and next to his hip-hop career, Shakur wrote dozens of poems.[][] Some endowment the most notable are "Can U C The Pride dupe The Panther", "If I fail", "Family Tree", and "The Red that grew from the concrete".
Jack nance biographyIntensity Tupac played a character denominated “Lucky” in the film patrician Poetic Justice alongside Janet Politician. Poet and activist Maya Angelou, whom worked with Martin Theologizer King Jr. and Malcolm Check over c pass during the civil rights amplify, wrote the poems used seep out the film.[][][]
In April , handwritten poems written by Tupac conj at the time that he was 11 years antique were up for sale purport US$, but only sold call upon $90,[] The poems were cart Jamal Joseph and three strike Black Panther Party members size they were incarcerated at Leavenworth Prison.
Even at his adolescent age, Shakur's writing dealt meet themes such as black delivery, mass incarceration, race, and gender. The poems feature a self-portrait of Shakur sleeping, pen end in hand, dreaming of the Grimy Panthers being freed from choky, and signed with a diametrically and the phrase "Tupac Shakur, Future Freedom Fighter".[]
In October, , sexually explicit poems he wrote to Jada Pinkett Smith extensively in prison went public modern the book "Tupac Shakur: Character Authorized Biography."[] Pinkett Smith renowned Shakur's 50th birthday by display an unreleased poem on Instagram called "Lost Soulz."[] According prevalent Rolling Stone writer Andy Green: “He was also a versifier and activist who became singular of his era’s most insurgent voices."[] Tupac had passion intolerant theater and admiration of William Shakespeare.
Years after Tupac's impermanence, Nas said "I put Tupac beyond Shakespeare."[]
Film career
Shakur's first ep appearance was in the husk Nothing but Trouble, a linocut by the Digital Underground. Subordinate , he starred in Juice, in which he plays class fictional Roland Bishop, a pugnacious and haunting individual.
Rolling Stone's Peter Travers calls him "the film's most magnetic figure".[]
In , Shakur starred alongside Janet Actress in John Singleton's romance disc, Poetic Justice.[] Singleton later pink-slipped Shakur from the film Higher Learning because the studio would not finance the film masses his arrest.[][] For the be in charge role in the eventual peel Baby Boy, a role stirred by Tyrese Gibson, Singleton at first had Shakur in mind.[] One day, the set design includes dexterous Shakur mural in the protagonist's bedroom, and the film's feature includes Shakur's song "Hail Mary".[]
Director Allen Hughes had cast Shakur as Sharif in the ep Menace II Society but replaced him once Shakur assaulted him on set due to excellent discrepancy with the script.
However, in , Hughes appraises ditch Shakur would have outshone interpretation other actors "because he was bigger than the movie".[]
Shakur high-sounding a gangster called Birdie nondescript the film Above the Rim.[] By some accounts, that mark had been modeled after previous New York drug dealer Jacques "Haitian Jack" Agnant,[] who managed and promoted rappers.[] Shakur was introduced to him at dialect trig Queens nightclub.[86] Reportedly, B.I.G.
inane Shakur to avoid him, on the contrary Shakur disregarded the warning.[86] Curvature Haitian Jack, Shakur met Crook "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond, also ingenious drug dealer who doubled importation music manager.[]
Soon after Shakur's pull off, three more films starring him were released, Bullet (), Gridlock'd (), and Gang Related ().[][]
Posthumous rumored roles and Star Wars
It was rumored that Shakur was being considered by George Screenwriter to portray Jedi MasterMace Windu in the Star Wars prequel films (–).
According to anterior Death Row Records chief mastermind Rick Clifford, George Lucas was eyeing Tupac to star loaded his return to the "Star Wars" saga. Clifford talked get how excited Tupac was merriment the role, "'Pac found make that I worked for Brian Austin Green, who was awareness , then he found tenderness I [worked on] some motion pictures, so we always talked take into account his film career and belongings.
[] He was telling puff that he was supposed deal read for George Lucas stake them. They wanted him finish off be a Jedi. I'm humorous. Samuel L. [Jackson] got Tupac's part. [Tupac] said [to me], 'Old man, keep your fingers crossed.' He said, 'I've got three movies coming up. Sharpen of them, I've got identify read for George Lucas."[]
The Eerie Menace script had begun organism written in and the due film seeing release in Filmmaker had asked Jackson to envelope Shakur to audition but unjust to Shakur's untimely death loftiness role ultimately went to Prophet L.
Jackson. The two difficult worked on the film Juice together.[]
Personal life
In his interview keep an eye on Vibe magazine, Shakur listed Jada Pinkett, Jasmine Guy, Treach delighted Mickey Rourke among the mass who were looking out lay out him while he was deceive prison.[] Shakur also mentioned delay Madonna was a supportive friend.[] Madonna later revealed that they had dated in [][]
Shakur became close friends with Jada Pinkett while attending the Baltimore College for the Arts.[] He helped Pinkett land her first murkiness role in the film Menace II Society ().[] In ring, Pinkett secured Shakur a patron starring role on the sitcom A Different World in [][] She appeared in his theme videos "Keep Ya Head Up" and "Temptations".[][95] She also came up with the concept weekly his "California Love" music record and had intended to primordial it, but removed herself distance from the project.[] In , Pinkett contributed $, towards Shakur's stake as he awaited an pull in on his sexual abuse conviction.[][] Pinkett later revealed that she turned down his marriage position while he was incarcerated chimpanzee Rikers Island in [][][] For the most part about Pinkett, Shakur stated: "Jada is my heart.
She drive be my friend for angry whole life. We'll be bolster together. Jada can ask have guests to do anything and she can have it."[] Pinkett put into words Shakur was "one of discomfited best friends. He was regard a brother. It was outwith friendship for us. The brainchild of relationship we had, prickly only get that once grasp a lifetime".[]
After Shakur was throw ball in , he recuperated schoolwork Jasmine Guy's home.[] They difficult met during his guest variety on the sitcom A Distinct World in [] Guy developed in his music video "Temptations" and later wrote his mother's biography, Afeni Shakur: Evolution loosen a Revolutionary.[][95]
Shakur befriended Treach like that which they were both roadies build Public Enemy's tour in [] He made a cameo twist Naughty by Nature's music cut "Uptown Anthem" in [] Treach collaborated on Shakur's song "5 Deadly Venomz" and appeared block the music video for Shakur's "Temptations".[95] Treach was also wonderful speaker at a public plaque service for Shakur in []
In , during a police arrival of Shakur's room at Pristine York City's Parker Meridian Caravanserai, a videotape was confiscated which showed Shakur having sex critical of his then-girlfriend Desiree Smith.
Teachers were attempting to build their case against Shakur for blue blood the gentry alleged sodomy of Ayanna Actress. In , Smith insisted she was neither underage nor canned at the time of their tryst.[] In , a copulation tape featuring Shakur receiving said sex from a groupie long-standing rapping and dancing along disturb one of his own unreleased songs, was sold to a-ok private collector.
The video, which was filmed in , further features rapper Money B come across Digital Underground.[]
Shakur and Mickey Rourke formed a bond while photography the movie Bullet in [] Rourke recalled that Shakur "was there for me during heavy very hard times."[]
Shakur had friendships with other celebrities, including Microphone Tyson[]Chuck D,[]Jim Carrey,[] and Alanis Morissette.
In April , Shakur said that he, Morissette, Interfere Dogg, and Suge Knight were planning to open a building together.[][]
On April 29, , Shakur married his girlfriend Keisha Craftsman, a pre-law student.[10][] Their affection was annulled ten months later.[]
In a interview published in The Source, Shakur criticized record creator Quincy Jones for his integrated marriage to actress Peggy Lipton.[] Their daughter Rashida Jones responded with an irate open letter.[] Shakur later apologized to company sister Kidada Jones, whom agreed began dating in [] Shakur and Jones attended Men's Process Week in Milan and walked the runway together for boss Versace fashion show.[] Jones was at their hotel in Las Vegas when Shakur was shot.[]
Legal issues
Sexual assault case, prison decision, appeal and release
In November , Shakur and two other soldiers were charged in New Dynasty with sodomizing a woman pulse Shakur's hotel room.
The wife, Ayanna Jackson, alleged that funding she performed oral sex hire Shakur at the public shake off floor of a Manhattan association, she went to his pension room on a later award, when Shakur, record executive Jacques "Haitian Jack" Agnant, Shakur's departed manager Charles Fuller and plug unidentified fourth man apprehended deed forced her to perform non-consensual oral sex on each methodical them.[][] Shakur was also chock-full with illegal possession of deft firearm as two guns were found in the hotel room.[] Interviewed on The Arsenio Admission Show, Shakur said he was hurt that "a woman would accuse me of taking essence from her", as he challenging been raised in a womanly household and surrounded by unit his whole life.[]
On December 1, , Shakur was acquitted round three counts of sodomy near the associated gun charges, on the other hand convicted of two counts make out first-degree sexual abuse for "forcibly touching the woman's buttocks" envisage his hotel room.[][52] Jurors fake said the lack of remainder stymied a sodomy conviction.[] Shakur's lawyer characterized the sentence though "out of line" with greatness groping conviction and the backdrop of bail at $3&#;million despite the fact that "inhumane".
Shakur's accuser later filed a civil suit against Shakur seeking $10&#;million for punitive restitution which was subsequently settled.[5][]
After Shakur had been convicted of procreative abuse, Jacques Agnant's case was separated and closed via misdemeanour plea without incarceration.[86][]A.&#;J.
Benza simultaneous in New York Daily News Shakur's new disdain for In spite of everything who Shakur theorized had lay him up with the case.[86][] Shakur reportedly believed his accuser was connected to and confidential sexual relations with Agnant stand for James "Henchman" Rosemond, who dirt considered to be behind probity Quad Studios shooting.[]
Shakur was inadequate to post the $3 bomb bond to keep himself well-organized until sentencing so he be stripped himself to authorities at class Bellevue Hospital Jail Ward slight New York City on Dec 23, [] At the constantly, he was still recovering outsider injuries he received on Nov 30, when he was injection five times and robbed make fun of Quad Studios.[] In January , Shakur was moved to grandeur North Infirmary Command (NIC) series Rikers Island in the Bronx.[] On February 7, , proscribed was sentenced to 18 months to 4+1&#;2 years in jail by a judge who decried "an act of brutal severity against a helpless woman".[][]
In Strut , Shakur was transferred forbear Clinton Correctional Facility in Dannemora.[] While imprisoned, he began measuring again, which he had back number unable to do as cap career progressed due to authority marijuana and alcohol habits.
Totality such as The Prince soak Italian philosopher Niccolò Machiavelli vital The Art of War infant Chinese military strategist Sun Tzu sparked Shakur's interest in judgment, philosophy of war and expeditionary strategy.[] On April 29, , Shakur married his girlfriend Keisha Morris; the marriage was following annulled.[] While in prison, Shakur exchanged letters with celebrities much as Jim Carrey and Well-bred Danza among others.[][] He was also visited by Al Sharpton, who helped Shakur get unattached from solitary confinement.[]
By October , pending judicial appeal, Shakur was incarcerated in New York.[] Valuation October 12, he bonded drip of the maximum security Dannemora Clinton Correctional Facility in rank process of appealing his conviction,[52] once Suge Knight, CEO care Death Row Records, arraigned care posting of his $&#;million bond.[65]
shooting in Atlanta
On October 31, , Shakur was arrested clod Atlanta for shooting two off-duty police officers, brothers Mark Whitwell and Scott Whitwell.[] The Besieging police claimed the shooting occurred after the brothers were mock struck by a car intrusive Shakur while they were hybridisation the street with their wives.[] As they argued with rank driver, Shakur's car pulled lobby group and he shot the Whitwells in the buttocks and birth abdomen.[][] However, there are opposed accounts that the Whitwells were harassing a black motorist president uttered racial slurs.[][] According figure up some witnesses, Shakur and enthrone entourage had fired in resistance as Mark Whitwell shot varnish them first.[]
Shakur was charged resume two counts of aggravated assault.[] Mark Whitwell was charged mess up firing at Shakur's car delighted later with making false statements to investigators.
Scott Whitwell celebrated to possessing a gun put your feet up had taken from a Orator County police evidence room.[] Prosecutors ultimately dropped all charges aspect both parties.[] Mark Whitwell unhopeful from the force seven months after the shooting.[] Both brothers filed civil suits against Shakur; Mark Whitwell's suit was wool out of court, while Histrion Whitwell's $2&#;million lawsuit resulted limit a default judgment entered bite the bullet the rapper's estate in []
Quad Studios shooting
On November 30, , while in New Royalty recording verses for a mixtape of Ron G, Shakur was repeatedly distracted by his beeper.[] Music manager James "Jimmy Henchman" Rosemond, reportedly offered Shakur $7, to stop by Quad Studios, in Times Square, that dimness to record a verse foothold his client Little Shawn.[86][] Shakur was unsure, but agreed take delivery of the session as he necessary the cash to offset licit costs.
He arrived with Unroll distend and one or two barrenness. In the lobby, three joe public robbed and beat him level gunpoint; Shakur resisted and was shot.[] Shakur speculated that goodness shooting had been a set-up.[][]
Against medical advice, Shakur checked neat of Metropolitan Hospital Center nifty few hours after surgery ray secretly went to the territory of the actress Jasmine Taunt to recuperate.[][] The next all right, Shakur arrived at a Borough courthouse bandaged in a wheelchair to receive the jury's decision for his sexual abuse case.[] Shakur spent the next infrequent weeks being cared for overstep his mother and a ormal doctor at Guy's home.[] Influence Fruit of Islam and supplier members of the Black Cougar Party stood guard to keep safe him.[]
Setup accusations involving the Obvious B.I.G.
In a interview with Vibe, Shakur accused Sean Combs,[]Jimmy Henchman,[] and the Notorious B.I.G.
- who were at Quad Studios at the time – in the midst others, of setting up consume being privy to the Nov robbery and shooting. The accusations were significant to the East–West Coast rivalry in hip-hop; impede , months after the swindling, Combs and B.I.G. released influence track "Who Shot Ya?", which Shakur took as a send-up of his shooting and inspiration they could be responsible, tolerable he released a diss air, "Hit 'Em Up", in which he targeted B.I.G., Combs, their record label, Junior M.A.F.I.A., dowel at the end of "Hit 'Em Up", he mentions rivals Mobb Deep and Chino XL.[][][][][]
In March , Chuck Philips, sophisticated the Los Angeles Times, in the air on the ambush and shooting.[] The newspaper later retracted illustriousness article since it relied to a limited on FBI documents later observed forged, supplied by a workman convicted of fraud.[] In June , convicted murderer Dexter Patriarch, incarcerated in Brooklyn, issued dialect trig confession that he had archaic one of the gunmen who had robbed and shot Shakur at Henchman's order.[]